When a shopper types a search term into Amazon, the results they see are determined by Amazon's search algorithm — commonly called A9 (now sometimes referred to as A10). Understanding how this algorithm works is the single most important thing you can do to grow your sales on Amazon, because visibility on page 1 is everything.
In this guide we break down exactly how A9 works, what it prioritises, and the specific actions that move you up the rankings.
The Core Principle: Sales Velocity
Amazon is a retailer first and a search engine second. Everything about A9 flows from one fundamental goal: show the products most likely to be purchased. This means the algorithm is primarily driven by sales velocity — how fast a product sells relative to its competitors.
This creates a virtuous cycle: products that sell well get shown more, which drives more sales, which improves ranking further. Breaking into this cycle as a new brand requires understanding every lever available to you.
The Two Pillars of A9: Relevance and Performance
Relevance Signals
Before Amazon can rank your product for a search term, it must first determine that your listing is relevant to that term. Relevance is built through:
- Product title — the most heavily weighted relevance signal. Include your primary keyword near the start, followed by key attributes (size, quantity, flavour, material)
- Bullet points — secondary keyword placement. Focus on benefits over features, but weave in relevant search terms naturally
- Product description / A+ Content — lower weight but still contributes to indexing
- Backend search terms — hidden keywords in Seller Central that Amazon indexes but shoppers never see. Use these for synonyms, alternate spellings, and related terms
- Brand name and category — Amazon uses these as contextual relevance signals
Performance Signals
Once Amazon determines your listing is relevant to a search term, it ranks you against other relevant listings based on performance signals:
- Click-through rate (CTR) — what percentage of shoppers who see your listing click on it. Driven by your main image, title, price, and review count/rating
- Conversion rate — what percentage of shoppers who visit your listing actually buy. Driven by images, copy, A+ Content, reviews, and price
- Sales velocity — absolute unit sales over time, weighted towards recent sales
- Reviews and ratings — not a direct ranking factor, but heavily influence CTR and conversion, which do affect ranking
How to Rank on Page 1: The Practical Steps
1. Keyword Research First
Before writing a single word of your listing, invest in thorough keyword research. Tools like Helium 10, Jungle Scout, or DataDive can show you exactly what search terms shoppers use in your category, with monthly search volumes and competition levels.
Build a master keyword list, categorised by:
- Primary keywords — highest volume, most direct (e.g. "vitamin c supplement")
- Secondary keywords — mid-volume, specific (e.g. "vitamin c 1000mg capsules")
- Long-tail keywords — lower volume, high intent (e.g. "non-GMO vitamin c with bioflavonoids")
2. Optimise Your Title
Your title should follow this formula: Brand + Primary Keyword + Key Attribute 1 + Key Attribute 2 + Size/Count. Keep it under 200 characters and make sure the first 80 characters contain your most important information (the rest may be truncated on mobile).
3. Build Your Reviews from Day One
New listings with zero reviews struggle to convert, which drags down performance signals and makes ranking harder. Use Amazon's "Request a Review" button for every order, enrol in the Amazon Vine programme (for brand-registered sellers) to get initial reviews, and focus obsessively on product quality and packaging to minimise negative reviews.
4. Use PPC to Accelerate Organic Ranking
Paid advertising (Sponsored Products) directly contributes to sales velocity, which in turn improves organic ranking. Running targeted PPC campaigns for your most important keywords — even at a loss initially — can accelerate your organic rank significantly faster than waiting for organic sales to build naturally.
5. Win the Buy Box
The Buy Box (the "Add to Cart" button on the right side of a product page) is where the vast majority of purchases happen. Winning the Buy Box requires competitive pricing, good seller metrics (order defect rate, late shipment rate, valid tracking rate), and being either fulfilled by Amazon (FBA) or meeting FBM performance standards. FBA sellers have a significant advantage in Buy Box eligibility.
Common Ranking Mistakes to Avoid
- Keyword stuffing — cramming keywords into your title unnaturally. Amazon's algorithm is sophisticated enough to penalise this, and it destroys your CTR
- Poor main image — your main image is the #1 driver of CTR. It must be on a pure white background, show the product clearly, and look premium
- Ignoring the backend — backend search terms are free real estate for keywords. Most brands leave this incomplete
- Setting price too high initially — a competitive launch price drives early conversion and accelerates organic ranking. You can raise price once you're established
- Slow inventory replenishment — going out of stock resets your ranking dramatically. FBA with healthy stock levels is essential
Ready to bring your brand to the US?
ImportIQ handles everything — importing, compliance, listings, and advertising. Zero fees to you.
Get Your Free Brand Audit →